Are there populist parties in Brazil? Despite the common perception of personalistic electoral connections, the literature suggests that parties play a crucial role in legislation and voting choice. However, Brazilian parties are overlooked in …
While, in theory, the populist radical right ideology is hostile to international cooperation and sees International Relations as a zero-sum game, leaders from this camp have supported each other and adopted common elements in their …
Recent studies have warned about the close relationship between populism and nationalism. This article offers an empirical contribution to the examination of this relation- ship by analysing the presence of populist and nationalist elements in the …
This paper assesses populism in the 2022 Brazilian presidential elections, focusing on candidates' tweets. It employs supervised machine learning and active learning to fine-tune the BERTimbau algorithm. We train a model with two classifiers, one for people-centrism and another for anti-elitism. After an iterative improvement process by annotating high entropy observations, we run the model in a sample of ~10K tweets. Results indicate that while candidates tweet more frequently during campaigns, their populist rhetoric is more pronounced in the pre-campaign phase, with a notable moderation during the campaign and a sharp decline post-runoff.